Journal of Women Medical and Dental College

Exploring Menstrual Hygiene Education and Awareness among Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Fawad Mueen Arbi — 2024-08-16

Menstrual hygiene education is crucial for promoting women's health, yet misconceptions and cultural taboos persist, even among medical students. This cross-sectional study assessed menstrual hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices among 312 female MBBS students at Quaid-e-Azam Medical College (QAMC), Bahawalpur, to identify gaps and develop targeted educational interventions. Data was collected using a self-administered survey from February to March 2024. Results showed that 58% (n=181) of students had pre-menarche knowledge, primarily from mothers (74.7%, n=233). Sanitary pad usage was high (96.5%, n=301), but only 1.6% (n=5) used vaginal wash daily. Significant associations were found between the year of study and frequency of changing menstrual products (p = 0.019), menstrual cycle regularity (p = 0.004), and awareness of menstrual myths (p = 0.027). Awareness of myths was high (74.7%, n=233), yet 45.5% (n=142) of students faced menstrual restrictions. The findings highlight the need for enhanced menstrual hygiene education and resources to equip future healthcare providers with accurate knowledge and positive attitudes towards menstruation.

Revolutionizing Prosthodontics with Artificial Intelligence: A Narrative review

Farwa Rehman — 2024-09-10

The revolutionary impact of artificial intelligence (Al) on prosthodontics is addressed in this narrative review with focus on how it has changed the way patients are examined. Additionally, machine learning is used which aids in greater accuracy and customization when creating a treatment plan for the patient. Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven technologies are essential in the creation and manufacturing of prostheses and has improved computer-aided design (CAD) systems, making it easier to create customized, anatomically accurate prosthetic limbs. Apart from its practical uses Artificial Intelligence fosters an Ongoing investigation and advancement in the field of prosthodontics, as new materials, techniques, and treatment approaches are developed, Al system continuously incorporate lessons from real patient experiences, pushing the boundaries of what is possible in the field. To address the inherent difficulties in traditional approaches this paper explores a convincing case for using Al in decision making and treatment planning in prosthodontics. Through use of unique patient data to support evidence-based decisions treatment planning can become more precise and personalized by leveraging Al analytical powers. Furthermore, the incorporation of Al-powered technologies including CAD and 3D printing is being investigated as a way to optimize manufacturing process of different of prostheses. Al is playing a crucial role in molding the future of the discipline as highlighted by the ongoing research element. This article highlights the revolutionary potential of artificial intelligence (Al) in prosthodontics, providing a state of and patient-centered approach to dental care.

Examining the Autoimmune, Genetic, Environmental, and Microbial Aspects of the Complex Etiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Comprehensive Review and Comparative Analysis

Huzaifa Saleem — 2024-09-09

Inflammatory Bowel Disease is an autoimmune disease of the Colon and or ileum. The exact cause of the disease is unknown but there are many factors that may predispose a person, worsen or improve the condition of the patient. These include genetic, environmental, autoimmune and bacterial factors. Here we briefly discus each one of these factors. We used databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science to conduct a thorough literature search for our analysis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Screening researches, reviews, and meta-analyses from the previous two decades was part of our methodology. Articles that provided substantial new insights into the etiology, clinical presentation, and treatment approaches of IBD were the main focus of our inclusion criteria. In order to compile the state of knowledge and new directions in IBD research, we also carefully gathered data from citations and cross-referenced them to locate more pertinent studies. Inflammatory bowel disease is an autoimmune condition the exact cause of which is still unknown. This highlights the intricate relationship that exists between the immune system, environment, and gut microbiota, as well as the need for advancements in the field to identify the precise cause of the illness under consideration and develop a treatment plan for it.

Frequency of Refractive Errors in the Students of Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan Punjab Pakistan

Muhammad Arslan — 2024-09-09

The purpose of this study was to find out the frequency of refractive errors in the students of Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan. A Cross-sectional university-based study was carried out from March 1, 2023, to May 19, 2023, at KFUEIT. All enrolled students from various disciplines at KFUEIT were included, except those who were not KFUEIT students or had undergone ocular surgery, or had preexisting other eye diseases, systemic diseases, or syndromes. Out of a total of 623 students representing various disciplines who participated in the study, 603 met the predefined inclusion criteria. Visual acuity testing, non-cycloplegic objective refraction, and subjective verification were performed to evaluate refractive error measurements. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21, employing descriptive statistics, frequency calculations, and cross-tabulations. According to the results of the study, 179 students out of the 603, which is approximately 29.7%, had refractive errors. Myopia emerged as the most prevalent refractive error, affecting 25.2% of students, followed by astigmatism (3.0%) and hyperopia (1.5%). Gender analysis demonstrated a slightly higher prevalence of myopia among male students compared to females. Moderate myopia was the most prevalent severity level observed. Male students predominantly exhibited compound myopic astigmatism, while simple myopic astigmatism was more prevalent in females. Conclusion: Our study at KFUEIT found that 29.7% of the 603 students had refractive errors. These findings can guide interventions and policies for a visually healthy environment at KFUEIT.

Correlation between Inter Canine Width and Skeletal Patterns in Orthodontic Patients

Anum Waseem — 2024-09-10

Dental arches vary among people according to tooth size, tooth position, pattern of craniofacial growth and by many genetic and environmental factors. The relationships between craniofacial morphology and malocclusion have long been of interest to orthodontists. The objective of this study was to assess how skeletal characteristics in orthodontic patients relate to intercanine width. The sample consisted of hundred good qualities lateral cephalogram and dental casts. Obtaining ethical approval from the research committee of Women Medical and Dental College demonstrates a commitment to conducting research in a responsible and ethical manner. This step ensures that the study respects accepted ethical standards and protects the rights and welfare of the participants Pre-treatment lateral cephalogram and manual study model with complete permanent dentition except third molars were used to record the measurements. Test subjects between the ages of 14 to 27 were chosen for conducting this study. The mean age of the participants coming out to be 19.62 ± 4.54 years. After running the correlation analysis, a very insignificant and weak although positive correlation was found between the UICW and N⊥A (p=0.705, ρ=0.038), and also between UICW and N⊥Pog (p=0.946, ρ=0.094). Inferring from the results of the study, it is concluded that the correlation between N⊥A and UICW, N⊥Pog and LICW is not a very significant one.